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Developing Active, Creative, Joyful and Effective Learning (PAKEM)

We have recorded below some good and successful examples of PAKEM teaching which we have found in the field. These lessons show the creativity and commitment of teachers and are examples for the teachers to follow. Please note: most of these activities don't use expensive materials. Waste materials or materials from the children's environment are quite sufficient.

PAKEM in NGANJUK: SD Mojoagung 3 Shows its Excellence

Although it has only been in the MBE program for a few months, SD Mojoagung 3, which is situated in a village, is already showing considerable progress especially in the teaching. They work under the leadership of Bpk Slamet Riyadi, the school principal (pictured on the below with his staff)

In grade 5 you can see innovative, creative and effective lessons in all subjects. In science the children have already done a number of experiments and made simple technological devices.

The children and the teacher, Ibu Rukilah Arijani showing simple technological devices which they've made (in the photo left to right)


  1. The children placed a mirror in a basin filled with water to make a rainbow. They drew the rainbow and noted down the colors. After that the children made a wheel colored with the colors of the rainbow. The wheel was attached to a small electric motor. When it turned the colors of the rainbow became white.

  2. The children made magnifying glasses out of a light bulb filled with water.

  3. Bayu made a periscope using a pipe and small mirrors.

The innovative lessons are not limited to science. An example from mathematics can be seen below right. The children made angles using matchsticks.

There are innovations in all the classes, including grade 1, where the children were learning about solid objects in their environment by sticking them on to paper (photo below).

If you want to see good examples of PAKEM, visit SD Mojoagung 3 in Prambon sub-district, Nganjuk.

Grade 1 Children Good at Writing

Several years ago many people were of the opinion that grade 1 children are not ready to write in their own words. In the MBE districts it has been clearly shown many times that many grade 1 children are very good at writing. Here are some examples from Nganjuk.

Bpk Muchtarom

Above: The principal of SD Sonoageng 2, in Prambon sub-district, Nganjuk, Bpk Muchtarom explained that all the students in his school go on a walk out of school every month and take note of what they see. When they get back to school they write about their experiences. You can see Cici's writing, a grade 1 student, above right. That's how clever the children are at SD Sonoageng 2!

Above left: Nisa, a grade 1 student at MIN Nanggunan, Prambon sub-district showing the helicopter she made from matchsticks and her writing about it.
Above right: A grade 1 student's writing from SD Islam Aisiyah. Her teacher is the early grades facilitator for Nganjuk district.

SMP 2 Prambon, Nganjuk

Lukman, a grade 9 student from SMP 2 Prambon showing electronic components he has brought from home and whose use he explains in writing.

RTI INTERNATIONAL Managing Basic Education (MBE) USAID